Turmeric

Turmeric is one of the key ingredients in many Asian and Indian dishes. Most usage of turmeric is in the form of rhizome powder.
In recipes outside South Asia, turmeric is sometimes used as an agent to impart a rich, custard-like yellow color. It is a significant ingredient in most commercial curry powders. Turmeric is mostly used in savory dishes, as well as some sweet dishes.
Although typically used in its dried, powdered form, turmeric is also used fresh, like ginger. Turmeric is often used as a much cheaper replacement for saffron.